Iraq (IRQ)
Country Risk Assessment v2.3 - assessed 2026-09-19 - skew: negative
Flags
- Live-data refresh (2026-09-19): discovery-first sweep of the 2026-09-08 -> 09-19 window (six parallel regional sweeps, all source rating central), with state, belligerent, single-chain and recirculated claims excluded or direction-only. Dominant arc: the US-Iran war widened to a second maritime chokepoint as Houthis seized Mocha, Perim and Mayun, declared a Red Sea blockade on Saudi ports, and Iraqi drones shut Saudi Arabia's East-West Petroline, while Iran struck more tankers in Hormuz, the IAEA referred Iran to the UN Security Council, and Brent traded above $100. Second arc: the global tightening cycle landed, with the Fed hiking 25bp to 3.75-4.00%, the ECB to 2.50% on Sept 10, and the BOJ to 1.25% on Sept 18, all on war-driven energy inflation. Third arc: institutional strain, as Georgia moved to ban all five parliamentary opposition parties, Sudan's chemical-weapons dossier was published by NYT/WaPo, Brazil's STF froze the Moraes probe, and Cuba's grid collapsed nationwide Sept 18. Notes mark what moved.
- Live-data refresh (2026-09-03): discovery-first sweep of the 2026-08-25 -> 09-03 window (six parallel regional sweeps, all source rating central), triangulated across multilateral bodies and diverse independent press, with state, belligerent, single-chain and recirculated claims excluded or direction-only. Dominant arc: the US-Iran war RESUMED and WIDENED after the Aug 25 exit-diplomacy moment. Iran and Oman finalized a Hormuz corridor framework (Aug 26, inbound via Iranian waters, outbound via Omani, revenue-sharing, a 30-60 day mine-clearing programme), then the US struck missile launchers on Larak Island (Aug 31) and Iran retaliated across FIVE countries at once, hitting US-linked bases in Jordan (Camp Titin, Prince Hassan), Bahrain (Sheikh Isa), Kuwait (Ali al-Salem) and Iraq (Erbil). A US strike hit a wedding at Kuhestak, Iran alleged a war crime at the UN, and Iran struck the Saudi supertanker Sidr in Hormuz, killing two Filipino sailors. Trump claimed 'almost total control' of the strait, floated renaming it, and told Iranians to rise up against their leadership. The rial hit a fresh record past 2.1 million per dollar and Reuters reported the blockade achieving what sanctions never did, with exports stalled outright. Second arc: a global long-bond rout deepened into September. Japan's 10Y JGB crossed 3% for the first time in 30 years with the 30Y at a record 4.18% and the yen at 160; France sold 10Y OATs at 4.23%, the highest since 2008, with debt at 117.5% of GDP; UK gilt yields hit a 19-year high in the new Burnham government's first Commons week; the US crossed $40 trillion in debt and doubled its long-end buyback ceiling. Third arc: catastrophe and consolidation elsewhere. A glacier-collapse flood on the Nepal-Tibet border killed 1,252 by Sept 3, passing the 2015 earthquake toll, with thousands missing. DRC's Ebola outbreak reached 3,007 deaths and 6,186 cases across six provinces at a 48.6% fatality rate, still expanding. Nicaragua's congress barred opposition parties from elections and extended the presidential term, drawing a near-unanimous OAS rebuke; Zimbabwe swore in senators and appointed 14 judges under a contested constitutional amendment; Zambia's Hichilema took a second term amid a disputed count and opposition arrests. Syria's SDF dissolved into the national military. Indonesia closed its central-bank vacuum. TRAPS CAUGHT and excluded: Peru's February 'Chifagate' removal, France's October-2025 Lecornu resignation, a 2020 Belarus protest piece, a 2025 DRC Uvira piece, a 2019 Zimbabwe crackdown piece, pre-window Cuba, and a FOURTH clean Thailand-Cambodia verification. CORRECTION: Serbia's Aug 20 snap-election announcement, missed by the 08-25 pass, is booked late. Notes mark what moved.
- Live-data refresh (2026-08-25): discovery-first sweep of the 2026-08-14 -> 08-25 window (six parallel regional sweeps, all source rating central; WebSearch budget exhausted mid-pass, central verification via self-hosted SearXNG + targeted fetches), triangulated across multilateral bodies and diverse independent press, with state, belligerent, single-chain and recirculated claims excluded or direction-only. Dominant arc: the Iran war entered an economic-strangulation phase even as exit diplomacy advanced. The US launched the global secondary-sanctions campaign 'Operation Economic Outcast' (Aug 24, 60+ designations, all-sector scope); Iran's crude exports effectively halted (Kharg Island berths empty since July 31, satellite-verified; China-bound imports ~823k -> ~534k bpd); the rial crossed 2 million per dollar; Iran fired its first ballistic missiles toward the UAE (Aug 18) and the UAE, Iran's second-largest trade partner, cut ALL trade indefinitely (Aug 19). Yet no US strike on Iranian soil was confirmed in-window and Iran-Oman Hormuz-corridor talks reached joint-statement drafting in Tehran (Aug 25). A global long-bond rout (Aug 18) set multi-decade records (UK 50Y 5.392%; JGB 10Y highest since 1996); the US Treasury doubled long-end buybacks (Aug 19), the Fed-independence fight reopened (Cook removal deadline Aug 26), and DXY hit a 3-month low with gold at a 3-month high. US-Canada trade talks collapsed (Aug 21), first-ever Section 338 tariffs took effect (Aug 22), and Canada announced dollar-for-dollar retaliation (eff. Sept 8). Ukrainian strikes took >90% of Russia's Black Sea grain export capacity offline and Russian inflation crossed 10%. DRC Ebola deaths reached 2,642 (PHEIC reaffirmed) while Geneva produced an M23 peace-talks roadmap. Pakistan's KP floods killed 368 in five days and Islamabad defied a Supreme Court order on Imran Khan. Venezuela freed 131 political prisoners. TRAPS CAUGHT and excluded: the Sept-2025 Libya 'Sorman/Zawiya clashes' recirculation, Ghana's pre-window IMF completion run as fresh, Cuba's pre-window Aug 2-3 blackout, and a third clean Thailand-Cambodia verification (ceasefire holds, ASEAN observers verifying). CORRECTION: Serbia's June 27-30 Vucic resignation-pledge arc, missed while Serbia went unrefreshed since 05-28, is booked late as a note. Notes mark what moved.
- Live-data refresh (2026-08-14): discovery-first sweep of the 2026-07-30 -> 08-14 window (six parallel regional sweeps, all source rating central), triangulated across multilateral bodies and diverse independent press, with state, belligerent, single-chain and disinfo-network claims excluded or direction-only. Dominant arc: the Iran war paused without ending - no confirmed US strike on Iranian soil after Aug 1 (13 nights through Aug 12) while Oman-mediated Hormuz talks agreed safe-corridor coordinates with the fee rate still contested - but the strait stayed effectively closed (1 transit Aug 9 vs ~73/day), CENTCOM enforced the blockade kinetically, the Houthis hit Mocha in the worst Yemen escalation since the 2022 truce, and Saudi Red Sea exports collapsed ~90% with a compensating Sumed surge. Ukraine's deep strikes reached ~17% of Russian refining and halted Novorossiysk's grain terminals; Russia's H1 deficit hit ~6T rubles with the CBR cutting into rising inflation. The US opened a two-front trade escalation: first-ever Section 338 tariffs (50% on ~$20B of Canadian goods incl USMCA-origin, effective Aug 19) plus Section 301 tariffs on 60+ partners covering 99.4% of imports. The 30Y Treasury auctioned at ~5.24%, highest since 2001; central banks bought a record 288.9t of gold in Q2. DRC Ebola deaths jumped 1,487 -> 2,128 across six provinces. DC's National Guard deployment was extended through 2029. Colombia inaugurated de la Espriella in an orderly transfer; Indonesia nominated a BI insider and the rupiah recovered; North Korea resumed missile tests. TRAPS CAUGHT and excluded: the 2025 Katsina mosque attack, the pre-capture Maduro militia story, and the ended Jan-May Iran blackout, all recirculating as current; the news-pravda.com disinfo network is excluded entirely. Thailand-Cambodia verified clean: no kinetic event, ceasefire holds, diplomatic freeze continues. Notes mark what moved.
- Live-data refresh (2026-07-30): discovery-first sweep of the 2026-07-21 -> 07-30 window (six parallel regional sweeps, all source rating central), triangulated across multilateral bodies and diverse independent press, with state, belligerent and single-source claims excluded or direction-only. Dominant arc: the 10-day ceasefire proposal was never accepted - a de facto US strike pause (July 25-29, Oman presenting a Gulf-backed Hormuz fee mechanism, Brent $94 -> $86) collapsed and CENTCOM resumed heavy strikes on Iran overnight July 29-30 (Brent back to $90.74). The war widened: a drone set fires in Egypt's Damietta port (first strike on Egyptian soil), the US and Saudi Arabia jointly struck militias inside Iraq, the Houthis set Aramco's Jizan refinery ablaze while enforcing their blockade of Saudi ports, and Iran publicly hanged two protesters. Elsewhere: a hawkish Fed hold with three dissents FOR a hike sent the Dow down 1,153 and the 30-year Treasury to its highest since 2007; the EU adopted its 21st Russia package freezing the oil price cap at $44.10 for a year; a Russian Kh-101 crashed 100 km inside Poland with Warsaw declining to invoke Article 4; DRC Ebola deaths jumped from 930 to 1,487 in six days; Tunisia's and Libya's blackout crises turned into anti-government mobilization; Bank Indonesia's governor resigned in a central-bank-independence shock; Ghana exited high debt distress after 13 years; Peru completed a contested but on-schedule transfer of power. CORRECTIONS: the Thailand-Cambodia 'fresh clashes' carry-forward was again misdated 2025 coverage (ceasefire holds; the real story is diplomatic hardening), and Mali's 07-20 'Anefis reversal' framing is corrected (the army retook Anefis July 10; the road remains insecure). Notes mark what moved.
- Live-data refresh (2026-07-20): discovery-first news sweep since the 2026-07-14 pass across the whole canon, triangulated across multilateral bodies + diverse independent press (state-self-reported data excluded, used only for direction; confidence set from corroboration). Dominant arc: the US-Iran war DEEPENED rather than broke pattern - the US naval blockade of Iranian ports held all window, OFAC's wind-down GL X1 EXPIRED July 17 (full Iran oil sanctions restored), the US combat death toll rose to 17 (430+ wounded) after Iran hit Jordan's Muwaffaq Salti air base July 17, and the US ran a ninth consecutive night of strikes (incl. the Darkhovin nuclear-plant site, IAEA reviewing). Iran's retaliation crossed a threshold: it struck Kuwait's power + desalination plant twice (first civilian-infrastructure targeting) and Iraqi Kurdistan oil fields (-140-150k bpd), and on July 20 the Houthis opened a new front with a maritime blockade on Saudi Arabia (ending the 2022 truce). Brent ran to ~$88-90; Hormuz war-risk hull premiums held at 3-10% of value. Secondary: the EU FROZE the $44.10 Russia oil cap for one week to July 23 (the prior pass's lapse risk did NOT materialize - held, not scored as relief) with the 21st sanctions package still stalled (a narrow Kyiv-strike mini-package adopted July 17 instead); Russia's MOEX hit a 17-week losing streak (worst since 1997), the deficit overshot plan by ~1T rubles and the ruble slid ~8%/mo to ~78.6; Ukraine's Kerch Strait / Don-Azov shipping halt PERSISTED with no reopening as Russia hit Kyiv with a 41-missile barrage July 19; the Poland-Ukraine White Eagle rift DE-ESCALATED (Zelensky opened SBU archives July 17, Tusk welcomed it); Andy Burnham became UK PM July 20 (7th in a decade but a clean handover, dropped digital ID); Israel's Knesset dissolved on schedule July 17 (Oct 27 elections) after a judicial-oversight/media legislative blitz; China's Q2 GDP printed 4.3% (weakest since 2022); India's rupee broke past its defense band to ~96.4; deadly monsoon flooding hit Pakistan, India, Bangladesh and Nepal; Nicaragua's Ortega declared no more elections; Cuba logged its 5th total grid collapse of 2026; Venezuela's quake toll passed 5,200; DRC's Ebola became the fastest-growing month-on-month; Mali's JNIM/FLA reversed the Anefis gain; Morocco released journalist Ali Lmrabet; a M7.4 quake struck the Mexico-Guatemala border. Notes mark what moved.
- Live-data refresh (2026-07-11): discovery-first news sweep since the 2026-07-07 pass across the whole canon, triangulated across multilateral bodies + diverse independent press (state-self-reported data excluded, used only for direction; confidence set from corroboration). Dominant arc: another turn of the US-Iran ceasefire CYCLE (announced and collapsing on ~weekly cadence, not a one-off) - Hormuz tanker strikes (July 7) -> OFAC REVOKED Iran General License X the same day (wind-down GL X1 to July 17), erasing the verified oil relief the last pass scored -> US strikes on ~80-90 Iranian sites incl the Bushehr perimeter (July 8-9, IAEA no radiation rise) -> Trump declared the ceasefire 'over' -> Iranian retaliation on Jordan/Kuwait/Bahrain/Qatar (July 9, GCC-condemned) -> talks resume. Iran near-term conflict deepens (near -7 -> -8, intermittent not floored) and the oil relief reverses (sanctions -8 -> -9); Gulf trade-chokepoint risk re-prices (Hormuz war-risk insurance ~5% of hull); Iran positive skew RETAINED because the talks keep resuming. Secondary: Russia's refining/fuel crisis deepened (diesel export ban July 8, now a fuel importer; MOEX 3-year low) vs Ukraine's Azov shadow-fleet strikes; NATO Ankara's 70bn-euro Ukraine pledge + EU Cluster-6 Coreper clearance (formal opening slated July 14) + Hungary's 10bn-euro RRP unlock; a European instability cluster (France Le Pen eligible for 2027, Germany AfD ahead of CDU, UK Farage by-election); Colombia's transition rupture (Petro rejects De la Espriella on debunked fraud claims); Syria's US state-sponsor-of-terrorism de-listing; an Ethiopia-Eritrea war-risk mobilization; a UN genocide finding on Sudan's RSF; Venezuela's quake toll past 4,000 with the constitutional election-call unmet; Argentina's country risk at an 8-year low; South Korea's 'fake news' law; a stalled India-US trade deal; China's Vanke near-default + maritime coercion; and an IMF WEO cut to 3.0% global growth. Notes mark what moved.
- Live-data refresh (2026-06-03): news pull since the 2026-05-28 pass, triangulated across multilateral bodies + diverse independent press (state-self-reported data excluded; Iran's Hormuz-closure claims sourced to Tasnim are treated as regime intent, not verified action). A few late-May items not captured in the prior pass are flagged in-note. Notes mark what moved.
- Generated 2026-05-28 under v2.0: multilateral (IMF Art IV, World Bank, WJP, RSF, TI, V-Dem) + independent/international press (Iraqi Oil Report, Rudaw, Al-Monitor) + HRW/Amnesty; Iraqi official data used cautiously.
- A clearly-negative oil rentier whose standout drags are a severe water/heat crisis, electricity failure amid oil wealth, militia-captured institutions, and a fragile sectarian state caught in the US-Iran contest.
- Opacity around militia/PMF activity and Kurdistan-internal politics inflates uncertainty and caps confidence. Source-lean: MODERATE-HIGH Anglophone/multilateral.
- Recalibrated 2026-05-29 for the 2026 Iran war (Operation Epic Fury, US+Israel vs Iran from 28 Feb) and the Strait of Hormuz closure: blockade of ~1/5 of world oil+LNG, attacks/threats on Gulf desalination (water security), and the global energy shock. The two-week 8 Apr ceasefire collapsed by late May - the US renewed strikes on Iran ~25-26 May (Trump convened Camp David) and the war resumed, with Hormuz still blockaded. (Reuters; BBC; NYT; CNN; ISW; Al Jazeera; CSIS; Wikipedia)
- civil_military_relations carries a v2.3 provisional baseline scored from coup history and military-in-politics status. It has not been through a full source-disciplined pass and its confidence is set low to reflect that.
Transparency & confidence ceiling
Tier: opaque - every composite below is confidence-capped at 0.60 (TIER_CAP.opaque).
The state controls the information environment, so scores rest on external proxies and carry a capped, lower confidence. The read may be flattered by what cannot be seen.
Economic
A catastrophic single-commodity oil rentier with a managed dinar, a weak banking sector, and near-zero diversification. (skew: negative)
┌────────────────────────────────┬────────┬──────┬──────┬───────┬──────┐
│ Sub-factor │ Weight │ Conf │ Near │ Mid │ Long │
├────────────────────────────────┼────────┼──────┼──────┼───────┼──────┤
│ Fiscal State │ 0.22 │ 72% │ -7.0 │ -7.0 │ -7.0 │
│ Monetary Independence │ 0.22 │ 65% │ -4.0 │ -4.0 │ -4.0 │
│ Reserve Currency Intl Monetary │ 0.16 │ 95% │ 0.0 │ 0.0 │ 0.0 │
│ Inflation │ 0.13 │ 70% │ -1.0 │ -1.0 │ -1.0 │
│ Banking Stability │ 0.10 │ 60% │ -6.0 │ -6.0 │ -6.0 │
│ Trade Actions Capacity │ 0.17 │ 70% │ -8.0 │ -6.50 │ -5.0 │
└────────────────────────────────┴────────┴──────┴──────┴───────┴──────┘
Fiscal State - Improved near -8 -> -7: Iraq launched executive procedures on Sept 1 for a one-million residential plot programme alongside ~$15B in unlocked refinery-reform savings (Iraqi News, Iraq Business News, AGBI). Booked as a modest single step because it is a launch rather than a delivery, and Iraqi execution risk on capital programmes is high. Long held -7.
Monetary Independence - The US lifted its ~4-month suspension of dollar shipments to Baghdad in exchange for the militia dollar-flow controls, a modest liquidity positive that keeps the sovereign compliance-vs-autonomy tension unresolved (Al Arabiya/WSJ - tilt/wire). Held at -4; confidence held.
Reserve Currency Intl Monetary - The dinar has no international role. (definitional)
Inflation - Relatively contained recently. (IMF; CBI)
Banking Stability - Weak and heavily cash-based, with correspondent-banking and sanctioned-bank exclusions. (IMF; US Treasury)
Trade Actions Capacity - Improved near -9 -> -8: Dana Gas began a phased, cautious restart at Khor Mor after KRG/federal security assurances (Rudaw/Shafaq - regional, reliable on operational fact), reversing the full suspension booked 07-30; current output vs the ~450-500M scf/day pre-war baseline is not yet verified (flagged gap). Long held -5.
Category composite by horizon (categoryComposite, confidence-capped by transparency tier):
┌─────────┬─────────────────┬────────────┐
│ Horizon │ Composite score │ Confidence │
├─────────┼─────────────────┼────────────┤
│ near │ -4.51 │ 60% │
│ mid │ -4.25 │ 60% │
│ long │ -4.0 │ 60% │
└─────────┴─────────────────┴────────────┘
Institutional
Pervasive corruption, militia influence, weak courts, and a poor press environment. (skew: negative)
┌──────────────────────────┬────────┬──────┬──────┬──────┬──────┐
│ Sub-factor │ Weight │ Conf │ Near │ Mid │ Long │
├──────────────────────────┼────────┼──────┼──────┼──────┼──────┤
│ Rule Of Law │ 0.31 │ 75% │ -7.0 │ -7.0 │ -7.0 │
│ Statistical Integrity │ 0.22 │ 55% │ -4.0 │ -4.0 │ -4.0 │
│ Civil Service Capacity │ 0.22 │ 62% │ -6.0 │ -6.0 │ -6.0 │
│ Press Freedom │ 0.13 │ 78% │ -6.0 │ -6.0 │ -6.0 │
│ Civil-Military Relations │ 0.12 │ 55% │ -5.0 │ -5.0 │ -5.0 │
└──────────────────────────┴────────┴──────┴──────┴──────┴──────┘
Rule Of Law - Worsened -6 -> -7: Kataib Sayyid al-Shuhada published ten preconditions for placing its weapons under state control, including US and Turkish withdrawal and legal protections for the PMF (Long War Journal, Sept 1). An armed group negotiating the terms on which the state may hold a monopoly on force is the monopoly failing. Partially offset, and reflected in the single step rather than two, by a 15-year sentence against a Kataib Hezbollah member for the kidnapping of journalist Shelly Kittelson.
Statistical Integrity - Weak, opaque, and capacity-limited. (IMF; World Bank)
Civil Service Capacity - Bloated and patronage-ridden under the muhasasa quota system, with weak delivery. (World Bank)
Press Freedom - A poor RSF standing, with journalist intimidation and militia threats. (RSF; CPJ)
Civil-Military Relations - The armed forces are an autonomous power centre with a political veto, an independent economic base, or a coup record in living memory. Legislative oversight is nominal.
Category composite by horizon (categoryComposite, confidence-capped by transparency tier):
┌─────────┬─────────────────┬────────────┐
│ Horizon │ Composite score │ Confidence │
├─────────┼─────────────────┼────────────┤
│ near │ -5.79 │ 58% │
│ mid │ -5.79 │ 58% │
│ long │ -5.79 │ 58% │
└─────────┴─────────────────┴────────────┘
Political & Social
A fragile sectarian system, restricted liberties, and deep cleavages, with a young-population strain. (skew: negative)
┌────────────────────────┬────────┬──────┬──────┬───────┬──────┐
│ Sub-factor │ Weight │ Conf │ Near │ Mid │ Long │
├────────────────────────┼────────┼──────┼──────┼───────┼──────┤
│ Political Stability │ 0.30 │ 55% │ -4.0 │ -4.50 │ -5.0 │
│ Civil Liberties │ 0.20 │ 70% │ -6.0 │ -6.0 │ -6.0 │
│ Treatment Non Citizens │ 0.25 │ 55% │ -5.0 │ -5.0 │ -5.0 │
│ Social Cohesion │ 0.15 │ 70% │ -6.0 │ -6.0 │ -6.0 │
│ Demographics │ 0.10 │ 60% │ -3.0 │ -2.0 │ -1.0 │
└────────────────────────┴────────┴──────┴──────┴───────┴──────┘
Political Stability - A fragile sectarian power-sharing system with Iran-aligned militia leverage and recurrent government-formation crises, though calmer than the ISIS-era. (ICG; Al-Monitor)
Civil Liberties - Restricted, with militia/morality pressures and a 2024 law criminalising same-sex relations. (HRW; Amnesty)
Treatment Non Citizens - Limited routes, not a relocation destination, hosting and returning refugees and IDPs. (UNHCR)
Social Cohesion - Deep Shia-Sunni-Kurd cleavages and unresolved Baghdad-Kurdistan disputes. (ICG; Rudaw)
Demographics - Young and fast-growing - an acute jobs strain now, a potential later dividend. (World Bank; UN)
Category composite by horizon (categoryComposite, confidence-capped by transparency tier):
┌─────────┬─────────────────┬────────────┐
│ Horizon │ Composite score │ Confidence │
├─────────┼─────────────────┼────────────┤
│ near │ -4.87 │ 57% │
│ mid │ -4.91 │ 57% │
│ long │ -4.95 │ 57% │
└─────────┴─────────────────┴────────────┘
Geopolitical
A contested US-Iran arena with residual insurgency and dollar-flow restrictions. (skew: negative)
┌────────────────────────────┬────────┬──────┬───────┬──────┬──────┐
│ Sub-factor │ Weight │ Conf │ Near │ Mid │ Long │
├────────────────────────────┼────────┼──────┼───────┼──────┼──────┤
│ Alliance Reliability │ 0.40 │ 60% │ -6.0 │ -6.0 │ -6.0 │
│ Conflict Involvement │ 0.35 │ 78% │ -10.0 │ -7.0 │ -5.0 │
│ Sanctions Capital Controls │ 0.25 │ 65% │ -6.0 │ -6.0 │ -6.0 │
└────────────────────────────┴────────┴──────┴───────┴──────┴──────┘
Alliance Reliability - Worsened -5 -> -6: PM al-Zaidi rejected any extension of the US-led coalition presence past the Sept 30 withdrawal deadline, calling it 'fixed and final' (Middle East Monitor, Aug 31 and Sept 1; MEMO carries a known editorial slant and the item is corroborated across several outlets). Ending the coalition mid-war removes the mechanism through which Iraq has managed both Washington and Tehran.
Conflict Involvement - Worsened -6 -> -7: drones launched from Maysan province struck Saudi Petroline pumping stations Sept 11, and Iraq's PM condemned the attack and dismissed the Maysan security commander (Reuters, Iraqi PM statement, GCC Secretary-General call, Sept 11-12). Iraq as a launch pad for strikes on a neighbour's critical infrastructure is a sovereignty and proxy-exposure failure even with a prompt government response. Confidence 0.75 -> 0.78.
Sanctions Capital Controls - Dollar-flow restrictions and sanctioned-bank exclusions tied to Iran-sanctions enforcement. (US Treasury; Iraqi Oil Report)
Category composite by horizon (categoryComposite, confidence-capped by transparency tier):
┌─────────┬─────────────────┬────────────┐
│ Horizon │ Composite score │ Confidence │
├─────────┼─────────────────┼────────────┤
│ near │ -7.40 │ 60% │
│ mid │ -6.35 │ 60% │
│ long │ -5.65 │ 60% │
└─────────┴─────────────────┴────────────┘
Physical & Practical
A severe water/heat crisis and electricity failure amid oil wealth. (skew: negative)
┌────────────────────┬────────┬──────┬──────┬──────┬──────┐
│ Sub-factor │ Weight │ Conf │ Near │ Mid │ Long │
├────────────────────┼────────┼──────┼──────┼──────┼──────┤
│ Climate │ 0.20 │ 85% │ -6.0 │ -7.0 │ -8.0 │
│ Healthcare │ 0.30 │ 60% │ -5.0 │ -5.0 │ -5.0 │
│ Infrastructure │ 0.20 │ 72% │ -7.0 │ -7.0 │ -7.0 │
│ Crime Safety │ 0.15 │ 55% │ -4.0 │ -4.0 │ -4.0 │
│ Disaster Insurance │ 0.15 │ 55% │ -3.0 │ -3.0 │ -3.0 │
└────────────────────┴────────┴──────┴──────┴──────┴──────┘
Climate - Among the most climate-exposed Arab states - extreme heat, upstream-dam water scarcity, dust storms, salinity; very low readiness. (WB CCDR; IPCC AR6)
Healthcare - Degraded, underfunded, and uneven. (WHO; press)
Infrastructure - Chronic electricity shortages despite oil wealth, with dependence on Iranian power. (Iraqi Oil Report; World Bank)
Crime Safety - Improved from the war era, with residual militia/kidnapping risk. (press)
Disaster Insurance - Negligible penetration against high hazard. (industry context)
Category composite by horizon (categoryComposite, confidence-capped by transparency tier):
┌─────────┬─────────────────┬────────────┐
│ Horizon │ Composite score │ Confidence │
├─────────┼─────────────────┼────────────┤
│ near │ -5.19 │ 59% │
│ mid │ -5.40 │ 59% │
│ long │ -5.60 │ 59% │
└─────────┴─────────────────┴────────────┘
Decisions
Confidence-weighted composite of every category above (decisionComposite), at each decision's native horizon (HORIZON_BY_DECISION), with the threshold reading (readingFor).
┌──────────┬─────────┬───────┬────────────┬────────────────┐
│ Decision │ Horizon │ Score │ Confidence │ Reading │
├──────────┼─────────┼───────┼────────────┼────────────────┤
│ Living │ long │ -5.23 │ 58% │ clear negative │
│ Assets │ mid │ -5.13 │ 59% │ clear negative │
│ Currency │ near │ -5.21 │ 60% │ clear negative │
└──────────┴─────────┴───────┴────────────┴────────────────┘
Same weighting projected across all three horizons (near 1-3y, mid 3-7y, long 5-10y):
┌──────────┬───────┬───────┬───────┐
│ Decision │ Near │ Mid │ Long │
├──────────┼───────┼───────┼───────┤
│ Living │ -5.31 │ -5.26 │ -5.23 │
│ Assets │ -5.37 │ -5.13 │ -4.94 │
│ Currency │ -5.21 │ -4.90 │ -4.65 │
└──────────┴───────┴───────┴───────┘