José Echegaray (1832–1916) was a Spanish dramatist, mathematician, engineer, and statesman who became the first Spanish writer to receive the Nobel Prize in Literature, sharing the award in 1904 with Frédéric Mistral. After a distinguished career in engineering and politics, he turned to playwriting, producing more than sixty dramas known for their emotional intensity, moral dilemmas, and theatrical power. His best-known works include The Great Galeoto, Madman or Saint, and The Son of Don Juan. Though his reputation has faded outside Spain, Echegaray played a major role in revitalizing Spanish theatre in the late nineteenth century and remains an important figure in its literary history.

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