┌─────────────────────────────────────────────┐

│ War risk claims top $2 billion as shipping │

│ attacks spread beyond Hormuz │

│ feature - gCaptain - unknown/unknown │

│ [SAU,YEM] │

│ │

│ War-risk shipping insurance claims passed │

│ $2 billion with premiums running 40 to 60 │

│ times pre-crisis levels, adding an │

│ estimated $7 to $8 per barrel to crude. │

│ Over 72 ships have been attacked since │

│ March across Hormuz, the Red Sea, Bab │

│ el-Mandeb and Saudi Red Sea ports. The │

│ geographic widening beyond Hormuz is what │

│ prices Saudi seaborne export capacity down │

│ independently of production. │

│ │

│ https://gcaptain.com/war-risk-claims-top-2- │

│ billion-as-shipping-attacks-spread-beyond-h │

│ ormuz/ │

└─────────────────────────────────────────────┘

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────┐

│ 2 Filipino sailors killed in Iran attack on │

│ vessel, Saudi Arabia says │

│ feature - South China Morning Post - │

│ unknown/unknown [SAU,IRN] │

│ │

│ Iranian projectiles struck the Saudi-owned │

│ supertanker Sidr in the Strait of Hormuz │

│ late on Sept 1, killing two Filipino crew │

│ members, with a second Saudi supertanker │

│ also reported hit. Saudi Arabia's foreign │

│ minister called for halting escalations │

│ rather than announcing retaliation, which │

│ is why the conflict score moves one step │

│ and not two. │

│ │

│ https://www.scmp.com/news/world/middle-east │

│ /article/3366151/2-filipino-sailors-killed- │

│ irans-attack-vessel-saudi-arabia-says │

└─────────────────────────────────────────────┘

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────┐

│ Oil prices rise as attacks dent hopes for │

│ Strait of Hormuz reopening │

│ medium - Al Jazeera - tilt/tilt [IRN,SAU] │

│ │

│ Brent's full window arc: $90.74 on the July │

│ 29 re-escalation, $83.72 (Aug 5), $87.55 │

│ (Aug 10), $88.38 (Aug 14), a volatile │

│ $83-90 band rather than a breakout, moved │

│ by the Vela Nova strike and │

│ corridor-framework doubt. Exchange-traded │

│ prices, full weight. │

│ │

│ https://www.aljazeera.com/economy/2026/8/12 │

│ /oil-prices-rise-as-attacks-dent-hopes-for- │

│ strait-of-hormuz-reopening │

└─────────────────────────────────────────────┘

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────┐

│ Saudi Arabia ramps up oil exports through │

│ Mediterranean pipeline to avoid attacks in │

│ Red Sea │

│ feature - CNBC - independent/independent │

│ [SAU,EGY] │

│ │

│ Saudi Bab el-Mandeb exports collapsed ~90% │

│ (1.3M barrels the week of Aug 3 vs 11M the │

│ week of July 20) while Sumed pipeline flows │

│ surged and Sidi Kerir Mediterranean exports │

│ more than doubled to ~2.3M bpd in August. │

│ Severe route loss met by real adaptive │

│ capacity, at ~$5/bbl and weeks of added │

│ voyage time for Asian buyers; Egypt's │

│ transit windfall extended. │

│ │

│ https://www.cnbc.com/2026/08/12/saudi-arabi │

│ a-iran-oil-red-sea-houthi-suez-canal-strait │

│ -hormuz.html │

└─────────────────────────────────────────────┘

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────┐

│ New Houthi missile and drone attacks kill │

│ seven in Yemen's al-Makha │

│ medium - Al Jazeera - tilt/tilt [YEM,SAU] │

│ │

│ Houthi ballistic-missile and drone attacks │

│ on Mocha killed 4 military personnel and 3 │

│ civilians and wounded 30 on Aug 9-10, less │

│ than 24 hours after a barrage killing at │

│ least 11, the most significant intra-Yemen │

│ escalation since the 2022 UN truce. │

│ Casualty figures come from the │

│ Saudi-aligned Yemeni military, an │

│ interested party in the civil conflict. │

│ │

│ https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/8/10/ho │

│ uthis-renew-missile-and-drone-attacks-on-ye │

│ mens-port-of-al-makha │

└─────────────────────────────────────────────┘

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────┐

│ Saudi Says Fire at Aramco Refinery in Jazan │

│ Was Extinguished │

│ medium - Bloomberg - │

│ independent/independent [SAU,YEM] │

│ │

│ A second fire in two weeks broke out at │

│ Aramco's Jizan refinery early Aug 9 and was │

│ extinguished without injuries; Saudi │

│ authorities did not disclose a cause and │

│ the Houthi precision-drone claim is │

│ belligerent self-report, direction only. │

│ Saudi trade held at near -8 on the │

│ offsetting rerouting picture. │

│ │

│ https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/202 │

│ 6-08-09/saudi-says-fire-at-aramco-refinery- │

│ in-jazan-was-extinguished-msl61cku │

└─────────────────────────────────────────────┘

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────┐

│ Western Sources Say Six Iranian Advisers │

│ Killed in Iraq Strikes │

│ medium - Asharq Al-Awsat - unknown/tilt │

│ [IRQ,SAU,IRN,USA] │

│ │

│ The toll of the ~July 29 joint US-Saudi │

│ strikes on PMF camps in Diyala is booked as │

│ a contested 4-20 range: a US official told │

│ NYT ~20 Iranian advisers, PMF contacts said │

│ 5, Tehran confirmed 4 IRGC members, and the │

│ PMF claims 20+ of its own dead; every count │

│ originates from an interested party. Kataib │

│ Hezbollah's Aug 6 retaliation deadline │

│ passed without a realized mega-attack │

│ in-window. │

│ │

│ https://english.aawsat.com/arab-world/53013 │

│ 93-western-sources-say-six-iranian-advisers │

│ -killed-iraq-strikes │

└─────────────────────────────────────────────┘

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────┐

│ US and Saudi Arabia strike Tehran-backed │ │ Brent tops $94 as Rubio says Iran 'not │

│ militia sites in eastern Iraq │ │ serious' about a deal │

│ feature - Associated Press - │ │ large - CNBC - independent/independent │

│ wire/independent [IRQ,USA,SAU,IRN] │ │ [USA,IRN,SAU,OMN] │

│ │ │ │

│ Joint US-Saudi airstrikes hit militia │ │ Brent closed at $94.07 July 22 (+20% │

│ logistics and weapons sites in eastern Iraq │ │ month-to-date), slid to ~$86 on the Oman │

│ July 29, killing at least 20 fighters │ │ mediation July 27-28, then jumped 7.9% to │

│ including 6 Iranian advisers per two Iraqi │ │ $90.74 July 29 on Trump's threat to 'hit │

│ militia officials, in response to militia │ │ Iran hard', ending the window near $90 │

│ drone attacks on Saudi Arabia; hours │ │ after touching $100+ intraday on the Jizan │

│ earlier Iran fired ballistic missiles at │ │ strike. Extreme volatility without a │

│ Jordan-based US forces. Iraq's soil now │ │ sustained breakout; the Goldman $120 │

│ struck by both sides: Iraq conflict held │ │ scenario did not materialize in-window. │

│ near -9; drove Saudi conflict near -6 to -7 │ │ │

│ and US conflict near -6 to -7. │ │ https://www.cnbc.com/2026/07/22/oil-prices- │

│ │ │ iran-war-macro-rubio-brent-wti.html │

│ https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2026/0 │ └─────────────────────────────────────────────┘

│ 7/29/iran-war-us-hormuz-strait-july-29-2026 │

│ / │

└─────────────────────────────────────────────┘

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────┐

│ Oman presented regional mechanism for │

│ Hormuz to Iran, source says │

│ feature - Reuters - wire/independent │

│ [OMN,IRN,SAU,QAT,KWT,EGY] │

│ │

│ Oman presented Tehran a Gulf-backed │

│ proposal for joint regional management of │

│ the Strait of Hormuz with voluntary transit │

│ fees on the Malacca model, and FM Araghchi │

│ held strait-security talks with Saudi and │

│ Omani counterparts; Brent slid to ~$86 on │

│ the diplomacy before the July 29 │

│ re-escalation. Single-sourced to anonymous │

│ officials; the exit path the Iran score │

│ protects. │

│ │

│ https://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/ │

│ 2026-07-28/oman-presented-regional-mechanis │

│ m-for-hormuz-to-iran-source-says │

└─────────────────────────────────────────────┘

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────┐

│ Saudi crude shifts to SUMED and Suez as Bab │

│ al-Mandeb exports fall toward zero │

│ large - Reuters - wire/independent │

│ [SAU,EGY] │

│ │

│ Aramco shifted exports from Yanbu to the │

│ Ain Sukhna-SUMED-Sidi Kerir route; SUMED │

│ inflows rose ~50% versus June and Suez │

│ crude exports doubled week-on-week to 1.06M │

│ bpd, at an estimated ~$5/bbl extra for │

│ Asian buyers. The Suez workaround is now │

│ confirmed volume, a realized canal-revenue │

│ windfall for Egypt held against new │

│ Damietta port risk: Egypt trade held near │

│ -4. │

│ │

│ https://www.brecorder.com/news/40432143/ │

└─────────────────────────────────────────────┘

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────┐

│ Houthis fire at Saudi oil facilities as new │

│ front escalates │

│ feature - Al Jazeera - tilt/tilt [SAU,YEM] │

│ │

│ A Houthi barrage of dozens of missiles and │

│ drones hit Aramco facilities at Jizan and │

│ Yanbu July 25, setting the ~400,000 bpd │

│ Jizan refinery (~4% of Aramco liquids) │

│ ablaze, with expanding fires confirmed by │

│ OSINT satellite review; Brent surged back │

│ above $100 in weekend trading. Claimed as │

│ retaliation for the July 24 coalition │

│ strikes on Hodeidah. Drove Saudi trade near │

│ -7 to -8. │

│ │

│ https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/7/26/ne │

│ w-front-in-us-iran-war-escalates-as-houthis │

│ -fire-at-saudi-oil-facilities │

└─────────────────────────────────────────────┘

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────┐

│ Houthi blockade hits Yanbu crude loadings │

│ feature - Baird Maritime - unknown/unknown │

│ [SAU,YEM] │

│ │

│ Visible crude loadings at Yanbu fell at │

│ least 30% after the blockade declaration; │

│ Saudi crude and condensate exports dropped │

│ to 2.4-3.0M bpd (Kpler/Signal │

│ Ocean/AXSMarine data); the products tanker │

│ Encelia was hit July 22 (Saudi-confirmed) │

│ and two China- and India-bound tankers │

│ U-turned in the Red Sea. Yemen conflict │

│ held at the near -10 floor on the │

│ enforcement. │

│ │

│ https://www.bairdmaritime.com/shipping/tank │

│ ers/houthi-blockade-hits-yanbu-crude-loadin │

│ gs-but-dark-tankers-may-plug-the-gap │

└─────────────────────────────────────────────┘

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────┐

│ Middle East shipping insurance costs rise │

│ on Hormuz risks │

│ large - S&P Global Commodity Insights - │

│ unknown/unknown [SAU,ARE,KWT,IRQ,QAT,BHR] │

│ │

│ Additional war-risk premiums for Hormuz │

│ jumped from 1-3% to 7.5-10% of hull value │

│ ($3M-$10M per $100M tanker; ~$21M on a │

│ VLCC), Gulf-to-China tanker freight hit 4x │

│ its 5-year average, and Hormuz transits │

│ collapsed to ~10 vessels a day against a │

│ 120-140 pre-war norm. The realized cost │

│ regime behind the Gulf trade scores; │

│ corroborates, holds. │

│ │

│ https://www.spglobal.com/energy/en/news-res │

│ earch/latest-news/shipping/072226-middle-ea │

│ st-shipping-insurance-costs-rise-on-hormuz- │

│ risks-marsh │

└─────────────────────────────────────────────┘

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────┐

│ Asian refiners look to Suez Canal to move │ │ Brent crude tops $90 as Hormuz blockade and │

│ Saudi oil amid Houthi shipping threats │ │ 10th night of strikes bite │

│ feature - Reuters - wire/independent │ │ medium - IBTimes - unknown/independent │

│ [SAU,YEM] │ │ [SAU,RUS,IND,PAK] │

│ │ │ │

│ Saudi oil tankers bound for China and India │ │ Brent topped $90/bbl (highest in over a │

│ U-turned after Houthi warnings; refiners │ │ month) on the tanker attacks, Houthi │

│ began rerouting Saudi Red Sea crude via │ │ blockade and 10th night of strikes, with │

│ Suez/around Africa as the Houthis warned │ │ ~20M bpd transiting Hormuz; US average gas │

│ all ships against Saudi ports. Blockade │ │ topped $4/gallon July 20 and Goldman warned │

│ moved from declaration to enforcement: │ │ of $120 if Hormuz disruption persists into │

│ drove Saudi trade near -6 to -7. │ │ Q4. Macro context for Gulf exporters and │

│ │ │ importers. │

│ https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/a │ │ │

│ sian-refiners-look-suez-canal-move-saudi-oi │ │ https://www.ibtimes.sg/us-completes-10th-ni │

│ l-amid-houthi-shipping-threats-2026-07-21/ │ │ ght-iran-strikes-after-mou-violation-congre │

└─────────────────────────────────────────────┘ │ ss-debates-war-powers-90221 │

└─────────────────────────────────────────────┘

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────┐

│ Houthis warn all ships against calling at │

│ Saudi Arabia's ports │

│ medium - Bloomberg - │

│ independent/independent [SAU] │

│ │

│ The Houthis issued a direct warning to all │

│ shipping companies against calling at any │

│ Saudi port, enforcing the July-20 maritime │

│ blockade declaration. Corroborates the │

│ Saudi trade downgrade and the Yemen │

│ conflict enforcement note. │

│ │

│ https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/202 │

│ 6-07-21/houthis-warn-all-ships-against-call │

│ ing-at-saudi-arabia-s-ports │

└─────────────────────────────────────────────┘

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────┐

│ Yemen's Houthis vow to impose maritime │ │ Oil prices climb as US-Iran hostilities │

│ blockade on Saudi Arabia │ │ expand │

│ feature - Bloomberg - │ │ medium - Fortune - unknown/independent │

│ independent/independent [SAU,YEM] │ │ [SAU,RUS,IND,PAK] │

│ │ │ │

│ The Houthi military spokesman declared an │ │ Brent ran to ~$88-90/bbl over the window │

│ immediate maritime blockade on Saudi Arabia │ │ (topping $90.19 July 20, highest since June │

│ July 20, retaliation for the 12-year Yemen │ │ 11) on the expanding war and Hormuz risk. A │

│ war and the first major Houthi-Saudi │ │ revenue positive for exporters (SAU/RUS) │

│ rupture since the 2022 truce, threatening │ │ and a cost/inflation drag for importers │

│ Red Sea crude flows. Drove Saudi conflict │ │ (IND/PAK/JPN). Context for the Gulf, │

│ near -5 to -6 and held Yemen conflict at │ │ India-rupee and Pakistan-reserve moves. │

│ the -10 floor (truce-ending). │ │ │

│ │ │ https://fortune.com/article/price-of-oil-07 │

│ https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/202 │ │ -20-2026/ │

│ 6-07-20/yemen-s-houthis-vow-to-impose-marit │ └─────────────────────────────────────────────┘

│ ime-blockade-on-saudi-arabia │

└─────────────────────────────────────────────┘

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────┐

│ War-risk shipping premium surges again as │

│ tensions escalate at Strait of Hormuz │

│ small - The National - unknown/tilt │

│ [SAU,QAT,ARE,KWT,OMN] │

│ │

│ Hormuz war-risk hull premiums surged to │

│ 3-10% of vessel value (norm ~5%, vs ~0.25% │

│ pre-war) with ~6,000 seafarers reported │

│ trapped per IMO. A structural cost shock │

│ across all Gulf trade economies; kept │

│ Saudi/Qatar/UAE trade exposure elevated. │

│ The National is tilt but relays Lloyd's/IMO │

│ facts. │

│ │

│ https://www.thenationalnews.com/business/20 │

│ 26/07/17/war-risk-shipping-premium-surges-a │

│ gain-as-tensions-escalate-at-strait-of-horm │

│ uz/ │

└─────────────────────────────────────────────┘

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