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F I R S T A I D
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AHA / Red Cross, verified Aug 2026
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cpr🫀 C P R
IF AN ADULT COLLAPSES
shout and shake the shoulder.
no response and not breathing
normally? start now
1. CALL 911
put the phone on speaker.
send someone for an AED
2. PUSH HARD AND FAST
heel of the hand on the CENTRE
of the chest, other hand on top
100 to 120 pushes per minute
at least 2 INCHES deep
let the chest come all the way up
3. DO NOT STOP
until they move, or help takes
over. swap with someone every
2 minutes if you can - good
compressions are exhausting
YOU DO NOT NEED TO GIVE BREATHS
for an adult who suddenly
collapses, hands-only CPR works
as well in the first minutes.
fear of mouth-to-mouth is why
bystanders do nothing. push.
bleed🩸 S E V E R E B L E E D I N G
1. PRESS. HARD.
both hands, full body weight,
directly on the wound.
do not lift to peek
2. PACK THE WOUND
if it is deep, stuff gauze or
clean cloth INTO it, then keep
pressing
3. TOURNIQUET IF IT WON'T STOP
2 to 3 INCHES above the wound,
between the wound and the heart
NEVER on a joint
NEVER on top of the wound
tighten until bleeding STOPS.
it will hurt. that is correct.
4. WRITE DOWN THE TIME
on the tourniquet, or on their
skin. surgeons need to know.
once on, leave it on
choke🫁 C H O K I N G
IF THEY CAN COUGH, LET THEM
a strong cough beats anything
you can do. stand by
IF THEY CANNOT COUGH OR SPEAK
5 BACK BLOWS with the heel of
your hand, between the shoulder
blades
then 5 ABDOMINAL THRUSTS,
inward and upward
repeat until it clears or they
go unresponsive
IF THEY GO LIMP
lower them down, call 911,
start CPR
IF YOU ARE ALONE
bend over the back of a chair
or a railing and drive your own
abdomen down onto it, hard
burns🔥 B U R N S
COOL RUNNING WATER
5 to 20 minutes. cool, not cold.
this is the whole treatment for
a small burn
DO NOT
no ice - it damages the tissue
no butter, oil or toothpaste
do not pop blisters
do not peel off stuck clothing
COVER IT
loose, clean, dry, non-fluffy.
cling film works well
GET HELP FOR
burns bigger than the person's
palm, or on face, hands, feet,
genitals or a joint
any electrical or chemical burn
temp💥 C O L D & H E A T
HYPOTHERMIA
shivering, clumsy, mumbling,
stumbling, drowsy.
get them dry, insulate from the
GROUND, warm sweet drink if
fully awake. handle gently
FROSTBITE
do NOT rub it - the ice crystals
cut. do not thaw it if it may
refreeze. warm water, not heat
HEAT EXHAUSTION
heavy sweat, pale, weak, dizzy.
shade, lie down, sip fluids
HEAT STROKE · CALL 911
hot skin, confusion, may have
STOPPED sweating. this kills.
cool them any way you can, fast
- water, ice at neck and groin
Information only, not medical advice
The best first aid is a class.